Egypt-+Grace+L.+Nagbe

Grace Nagbe -Egypt



27 00 North, 30 00 East

Egypt in south of the Mediterranean Sea, in Northern Africa, east of Libya and north of Sudan.

Cities in ancient Egypt grew out of the development of agriculture and the emergence of the state as the unifying and principal form of political organization. The following is a list of the major cities in Egypt: • Cairo • Alexandria • Giza • Luxor • Aswan • Port Said

__FLAG __ []

A tricolor consisting of the three equal horizontal red, white, and black bands of the Arab Liberation flag dating back to the Egyptian Revolution of 1952.

The flag bears Egypt's national emblem, the Eagle of Saladin centered in the white band. The flag's current form was adopted on October 4, 1984.

__PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY __

[] 

Mountain Ranges: Mount Sinai 2,285-metre (7,497 ft) high

Lakes:

Rivers: <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">There is only one year-round river in Egypt, the Nile. It has no non-seasonal tributaries for its entire length in Egypt, though it has two further upstream, the Blue Nile and White Nile, which merge in central Sudan- trough 10 countries at 4132 miles long.

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Landforms: <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Great Desert) is the world's largest hot desert. At over 9,400,000 square kilometres (3,630,000 sq mi), it covers most of Northern Africa, making it almost as large as Europe or the United States. The only larger desert in the world is Antarctica,

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Climate: desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters

__<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 28pt; line-height: 115%;">POPULATION __



<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">Total Population: Egypt the 15th most populous country of the world is the most populous country of the Middle East Population of around 79 million Growth Rate: <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">Egypt's population growth rate is 1.75% (2006 EST.) <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Birth rate is around 22.94 births per 1000 population (2006 est.) while death rate is 5.2 deaths per 1000 population (2006 est.) <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Density per sq. mi : 78,887,007- 205 <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Major cites: Capital- Cairo, Port Said, Shubra al-Khaymah <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Languages: Arabic (official), English, French. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Education: //Years compulsory//--ages 6-15. //Literacy//--total adult 58%. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Health: //Infant mortality rate// (2006 est.)--31.33 deaths/1,000 live births. //Life expectancy// (2006 est.)--71 years. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">[]

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%;">__SOCIOLOGY__

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: right;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: right;">One of the highest complements in Egypt is to describe someone as coming from a good family or having respectable parents. Such comments may refer mainly to wealth, reputation, religious piety, and education

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: right;">Average Family size: While in previous generations larger families were the norm throughout the country, today family size has decreased in urbanized areas. Urban families have an average of two to three children, while families in rural areas may have as many as six or seven children.

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: right;">. Social class is very apparent in Egypt since it determines your access to power and position. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: right;">. The social class an Egyptian is born into dictates their everyday life and the opportunities they will have. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: right;">. There are three social classes: upper, middle, and lower. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: right;">. Status is defined more by family background than by absolute wealth. [] <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: right;">. There is little social mobility. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">

//<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The lunar year is about 11 days shorter than the Western calendar year, so the Gregorian dates ////<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">for holidays differ from year to year. //

__<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%;">CUSTOMS __ <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 90%; line-height: 115%;">//<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">National holidays include: //


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Lunar New Year //
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Labor Day (1 May) //
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Anniversary of the Revolution (23 July) //
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Armed Forces Day (6 Oct.) //
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Coptic Christians celebrate Christmas on (7 January) //
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Sham al-Nassī (the Monday after Easter) marks the beginning of spring //

[] <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Celebrations nd Traditions: <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 9pt;"> Egypt the cradle of many tales is also famous for its festivals and religious events also known as "muilds". __Festivals in Egypt__ have religious significance from the era of Pharaohs.

**<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Pharaonic Wedding **<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">: This festival is the symbol of ancient civilization of Egypt and is held celebrated in the month of November. This festival is considered as an auspicious day for marriages. Couples visit to Karnak Temple and get married there.

**<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">Abu Simbel Festival **<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 9pt;">This Festival of Egypt is associated with the ancient temple of Egypt-Abu Simbel and highlights the ancient traditional rituals of Egypt. This festival is held on 22nd February.

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 8pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">We cannot talk about traditions without mentioning Ramadan. It is a time for peace and generosity and it happens once a year during a whole month. It is not allowed to eat or drink while the sun is raised, so they have to do so when it sets, and you will see how a quiet and calm city becomes lively and bustling when the time of eating comes. During this month, donations, almsgiving and charity would be at its highest rates, it is the time for forgiveness and love. It is a wonderful month.

__<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%;">GOVERNMENT __ __<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Military counci<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> l __

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; text-align: right;">Incumbent: Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; text-align: right;">Term: None fixed <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; text-align: right;">Key facts: <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; text-align: right;">-- The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces took charge of Egypt after President Hosni Mubarak stepped down on Feb. 11 following an 18-day popular revolt against his 30-year rule. It is headed by Tantawi in his capacity as general commander of the armed forces, a post he has held since 1995. He has also served as minister of defence and military production since 1991.

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 11pt;">As of February 11, 2011, is a  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 11pt;">republic under Militant rule after the President of Egypt Hosni Mubarak stepped down following several days of protests. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the People's Assembly.

__<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"> ECONOMY __

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">GDP- $500.9 billion (2010 est.) ** <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 4.4pt;">**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Per Capita -$6,200 ( [|PPP] ) (2010 est.) **

Exports: petroleum, cotton, farm produce, cotton clothing, and aluminum product

Imports: Corn, Civilian aircraft ,Drilling & oilfield equipment ,Miscellaneous … Telecommunications equipment

Agriculture: Products--cotton, rice, onions, beans, citrus fruits, wheat, corn, barley, sugar. Industry: Types--food processing, textiles, chemicals, petrochemicals, construction, light manufacturing, iron and steel products, aluminum, cement, military equipment

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Economically Modern Egypt is more developed than developing, culturally Egypt is developed but its culture is not like that of the United States.

__<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">CULTURE __ <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Sports: Football i s the most popular Sport in Egypt. Egyptian Soccer clubs especially El Ahly and El Zamalek are known throughout the Middle East and Africa and enjoy the reputation of long-time champions of the sport regionally. They enjoy popularity even among non-Egyptians. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">The Egyptian national football team won the African Cup of Nations seven times setting a new record in Africa (years: 57, 59, 86, 98, 06, 08, '10). Although it's the first African country who joined FIFA, it hasn't made it to the World Cup except only two times in 1934 and 1990. In the [|World Military Cup], Egypt won the title 5 times, and was the runner-up another 2 times. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Other popular sports in Egypt are basketball, handball , squash and tennis.

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Clothing:

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Egyptian children did not wear clothes until they were about six years old when they would wear the same clothes as men and women. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">All men wore a wrap-round skirt that was tied at the waist with a belt. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Egyptian women wore full length straight dresses with one or two shoulder straps <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Language: The Egyptian language, which formed a separate branch among the family of Afro-Asiatic languages , was among the first written languages, and is known from hieroglyphic inscriptions preserved on monuments and sheets of papyrus. The Coptic language, the last stage of Egyptian, is today the liturgical language of the Coptic Orthodox Church. Hieroglyphs were written on people’s front doors, so that the news of the pharaoh would travel amongst everyone. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"> Arabic came to Egypt in the seventh century, and Egyptian Arabic has become today the modern speech of the country. Of the many varieties of Arabic, it is the most widely spoken second dialect, due to the influence of Egyptian cinema and media throughout the Arabic-speaking world.

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Literature: Ancient Egyptian literature dates back to the Old Kingdom, in the third millennium BC. Religious literature is best known for its hymns to various gods and its mortuary texts. The oldest extant Egyptian literature are the Pyramid Texts : the mythology and rituals carved around the tombs of rulers. The later, secular literature of ancient Egypt includes the 'wisdom texts', forms of philosophical instruction. The //Instruction of Ptahhotep//, for example, is a collation of moral proverbs by an Egyptian administrator. The authors of the literature of the Old and Middle Kingdoms (through to the middle of the second millennium BC) seem to have been drawn from an elite administrative class, and were celebrated and revered into the New Kingdom (to the end of the second millennium). In time, the Pyramid Texts became Coffin Texts (perhaps after the end of the Old Kingdom), and finally the mortuary literature produced its masterpiece, the Book of the Dead, during the New Kingdom.

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Movies: Egyptian cinema has flourished since the 1930s. As a result, the Egyptian capital has been dubbed the "Hollywood of the Middle East", where the world-renowned Cairo International Film Festival is held every year. The festival has been rated by the International Federation of Film Producers Associations as being among the 11 top-class film festivals worldwide

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Music: Egyptian music is a rich mixture of indigenous Egyptian, African and Western influences. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">As early as 4000 BC, ancient Egyptians were playing harps and flutes , as well as two indigenous instruments: the ney and the oud. However, there is little notation of Egyptian music before the 7th century AD, when Egypt became part of the Muslim world Percussion and vocal music became important at this time, and has remained an important part of Egyptian music today. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">[]

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">ETHNC/RELIGIOUS MAKE-UP

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ethnic groups: Egyptian, Bedouin Arab, Nubian. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Religions: Muslim 90%, Coptic Christian 9%, other Christian 1%.

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Islam has been the state religion in Egypt since the amendment of the second article of the Egyptian constitution in the year 1980, before which Egypt was recognized as a secular country. The vast majority of Egyptian Muslims are Sunni, with a small Shi'ite community making up the remainder. A significant number of Sunni Egyptians also follow native Sufi orders. Egypt hosts the most important Sunni institution in the world, Al-Azhar University. It is the oldest Islamic institution of higher studies (founded around 970 C.E. ), and is considered by many to be the oldest extant university in the world.

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Does Egypt have problems due to Ethic or religious differences:

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">No more than it does in the US, we have right wing southerners who want government by social issues for social issues and in Egypt they have Islamic fundamentalist who want government by Islam for Islam ! <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">A while ago there was some serious friction between Christians (more specifically, Copts) and certain Muslims, but in a CMOH*, many Muslims rose to the defense of the Christians, attending services with them to form a 'human shield' so as to stop extremists from bombing them. []

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">PROBLEMS

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1.) Poverty is a very [|real problem in Egypt.] 40.5% of the population spends less than 1,853 Egyptian pounds ($327) a year. Egypt has good economic growth at 5% or more a year, but it seems to benefit the wealthy more than the poor and, so, also given problem #1, it doesn't really administer much relief.

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">2.) <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> State welfare system, which is fraught with waste, corruption and inefficiency. Millions of people depend on this system for necessities like bread and gas. The system needs an overhaul.

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">3.) Overcrowding. More than 90% of the population lives on less than 10% of the land, i.e. the Nile River Valley  and Mediterranean and  Red Sea coasts

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">4.) <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Public schools, which are understaffed and underfunded with unsophisticated curricula. Almost all Egyptian parents try to put their children  in private  or international schools if they can. Also the national  Egyptian universities

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">5.) <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> Food production, although many Egyptians are agriculturalists Egypt can no longer harvest enough to feed its own population and, like Nono said, must import. In ancient times Egyptian grain fed the whole  Roman Empire , now we have to buy a lot from countries like  Ukraine.

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">SOLUTIONS

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">1.) I think that the money should be shared since everybody is trying to make it that the share be divied within the economy

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">2.) <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> They should find a way that those who are getting welfare should do something that is also helping the economy

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">3.) Well the Nile is where they can grow most they food and thins so if they have one majorly based place to help them grow and distribute

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">4.) <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif';">I think that they should have more teachers one in and take some curriculums from a place that is doing well

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;">5.) <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt;"> I think that they should let up more places where they can grow can and have more people do their own agriculture so their no so dependent on what comes in

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">QUESTIONS

1.) What is the most highest make of religon in theis country? 2.) What does the Ring Finger mean? 3.)What caused the last president to step down? 4.) What is the most well know holiday that is observed? 5.)What is the most popular sport

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 26pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">ANSWERS

1.) Muslim (shite) 2.) it is conneced to the heat 3.) a Revolt of too much power 4.) Ramadan 5.)Footbal(soccer)